Mdou teacher council legal education. Pedagogical council “Legal education of preschool children. page. Calendar of legal dates

Goal: implementation of children's rights in the practice of teachers.

Tasks:

increase the level of professional literacy of teachers in preventing violations of children's rights
promote the child’s social adaptation by developing the foundations of legal knowledge
improve approaches, search for effective forms of interaction with parents and influence on them.

Teachers' council plan

1. Introductory speech by the manager about the relevance of the problem.

Head of d/s.

2. Results of the thematic audit

Senior teacher.

3. Speeches by speakers on the topic of the teachers’ council:

Features of the implementation of children's rights through social relationships (Teacher)
Peculiarities of observance of children's rights to childhood in different age groups. (Teachers)

4. Results of the parent survey

Senior teacher.

5. Pedagogical training.

Senior teacher.

6. Business game "We know the rights of the child" .

7. Discussion of the draft decision of the teachers' council. Reflection.

Head, preschool team

Preparing for the teachers' meeting

1. Workshop "Legal education in preschool educational institutions" .

Senior teacher, teachers

2. Consultation “Introducing preschoolers to the origins of national culture through Russian folk outdoor games”

PHYS instructor

3. Theoretical consultation for educators on the protection of children's rights and legal education. Art. teacher

4. Thematic check “Organization of work on legal education of preschool children”

Head, Art. teacher

4. "Week of Legal Knowledge" .

5. Competition for the best didactic game in legal education.

Educators

6. Conversation with teachers “The use of works of fiction in the legal education of preschool children” .

Teacher speech therapist.

7. Questioning parents “What do you know about children’s rights?” , festival of outdoor games with the participation of parents “We are Russians!”

Educators

1. OPENING SPEECH BY THE HEAD OF THE DOWER.

The most important criterion for determining the values of any society is its attitude towards childhood. Child protection is one of the priority strategic objectives of Russia's economic and social policy, the solution of which is constantly given attention in socio-economic development programs at all levels. Over the past decade, during the difficult period of socio-economic reforms in Russia, a number of measures have been implemented aimed at solving childhood problems. Constitution of the Russian Federation (1993) enshrined the provision that childhood is under state protection. A favorable trend is the strengthening of interaction and constructive cooperation between preschool educational institutions, educational authorities and parents of children attending and not attending kindergartens. That is why the need to study and accumulate materials in the field of protecting children’s rights in preschool educational institutions is a pressing topic. Improving the legal culture of preschool teachers and parents of preschool children is a condition for the formation of a rule of law state and civil society. The legislative formulation of issues of protecting children's rights began in the 20th century, especially during the First World War and in the post-war years, when the first laws on the protection and protection of children were formulated in a number of countries. In the second half of the 20th century. The international child protection system began to take shape:

United Nations Children's Fund founded in 1946 (UN)- UNICEF

- in 1989 - UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. The main documents protecting the rights of children have been adopted:

Declaration of the Rights of the Child (1959)
Beijing rules (1985)
UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (1989)
World Declaration on the Survival, Protection and Development of Children (1990).

Hopes that the new century would become the century of the child were not justified. Modern childhood needs protection in the same way as many centuries ago. UN data confirms that forty thousand children become disabled every day from hunger and disease. The number of working children aged 5 to 14 years, according to the International Workers' Organization, was 250 million in 1996.

However, childhood is not only threatened by war, disease and poverty. Peace and prosperity in industrialized countries do not automatically guarantee the best opportunities for child rights and protection. Here there are attacks on childhood at virtually all levels and in all areas of life - public, political and private. The needs and rights of children are relegated to the background or forgotten about altogether.

The results of a number of sociological studies allow us to identify five groups of the most common types of violations of children’s rights:

physical influence, so-called physical harassment;
moral prohibitions, restrictions, humiliation, hypocrisy, lies towards children, caused by the inability of parents to build relationships with children and raise them;
parents ignoring the child’s interests that do not correspond to adults’ ideas about them, disdainful attitude towards the children’s acquaintances and friends, negative assessments of the child’s interests and actions outside the home, neglect of the child’s views and interests;
lack of conditions necessary for life (restrictions and prohibitions on nutrition, health care, and the purchase of essential items);
violation of sexual norms in the family circle, both in communication with children and through parents’ demonstration of adultery.

Thus, the stated topic of the pedagogical council is relevant and requires close attention from the staff of the educational institution.

The trusting eyes of children
And the angels guard their souls.
May that serene peace
Nothing will ever break.

And don't let a tear roll
Neither from resentment nor from sadness,
And like the sun, always
The smile on your face shines.

To a sensitive child's heart
Open your heart
And a feeling of miracle
Will always be with you.

Calmly mothers will leave
On a day full of things to do, troubles, worries,
They look into your eyes with hope,
Saying goodbye to you at the gate.

Don't deceive that hope,
Don't be strict with kids
And tender hearts sprout
Don't touch with a hard hand.

We hope that the chosen topic is interesting and relevant to you and that you will become active participants in the discussion. You will be able to learn about how legal education work is carried out in our preschool educational institution, what forms are used, and more about this during the teachers’ meeting.

Since ancient times, humanity has understood that life begins in childhood. A child comes into the world helpless and defenseless. His life is completely dependent on adults. Many philosophers and thinkers raised the problem of protecting children in their works. Thus, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry wrote: “You are forever responsible for those you tamed” .

A presentation on the legal education of preschool children is offered.

Then the results of the thematic examination are summed up “Organization of work on legal education of preschool children in preschool educational institutions” (Appendix No.).

3. Speech by the teacher on the problem “Features of the implementation of children’s rights through social relationships” . (Appendix No.)

Educators of all age groups present experience: “Features of observance of children’s rights to childhood in different age groups” , accumulated material on the problem of legal education.

4. The senior teacher sums up the results of the parent survey “What do you know about children’s rights?” (Appendix No. __).

Analysis of the questionnaire for parents "Children's rights" . MDOU "Kindergarten No. 235" Oktyabrsky district of Saratov, October, 2011.

100 people took part in the survey.

To the first question of the questionnaire: “Do you consider the problem of children’s rights to be relevant for our country and city?” Parents' answers were distributed as follows: Yes - 75%; No - 10%; It's hard to say - 15%.

To the second question of the questionnaire: “Do you think it is more correct to consider the legal status of a child in the family from the point of view of his interests or the interests and responsibilities of the parents?” Parents' answers were distributed as follows: From the point of view of the child's interests - 40%;

From the point of view of the interests of the child and the interests and responsibilities of the parents - 60%.

To the third question of the questionnaire: “Have you ever become familiar with the Concept of the Rights of the Child?” Parents' answers were distributed as follows - 40%; No - 60%.

To the fourth question of the questionnaire: “Which of the following rights of the child do you consider important to observe in the family?” parents listed almost all the rights given in the questionnaire.

To the fifth question of the questionnaire: “Please formulate what the phrase “happy childhood” means to you. ? Parents' answers were distributed as follows:

Health, love, understanding - 35%; Parents' love - 40%; Complete loving family - 20%; Don’t need anything 35%; Refrained from answering - 20%.

To the sixth question of the questionnaire: “In your opinion, can parents’ lack of time to participate in the life of a child in kindergarten be considered a violation of children’s rights?” answered: Yes - 45%; No - 25%; It's hard to say - 30%.

To the seventh question of the questionnaire: “In your opinion, can such a situation be considered a violation of children’s rights when they see their parents quarreling every day?” They answered: Yes - 90%; No-10%.

To the eighth question of the questionnaire: “Please express your opinion: are your child’s rights always respected in kindergarten?” Parents' answers were distributed as follows: Yes - 65%; No - 5%; It's hard to say - 30%.

To the ninth question of the questionnaire: “Please express your opinion: are the rights of your child always respected in the family?” Parents' answers were distributed as follows: Yes - 65%; No - 10%; It's hard to say - 25%.

To the tenth question of the questionnaire, the parents’ answers were distributed as follows: “All literate people know without studying what is good for a child and what is bad” - 10%;

“It would be interesting to participate, be sure to invite me to these meetings” - 60%; “I would love to, but...” - 30%.

Thus, most families are somehow familiar with the concept "child's rights" , try to take into account the rights of the child in the family, they would be happy to come to meetings of the educational and practical cycle on the problem of the relationship between the rights of an adult and the rights of a child in the family.

5. Pedagogical training for educators “What do you know about the convention?”

“WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THE CONVENTION?” *

1. When was the Convention on the Rights of the Child adopted:

a) in 1924;

b) in 1957;

c) in 1989.

2. When was the law passed? “On the basic guarantees of the rights of the child in the Russian Federation” :

a) in 1990;

b) in 1998;

c) in 2000.

3. Every human being is a child:

a) before reaching the age of 16;

b) before reaching the age of 18;

c) before reaching the age of 21.

4. From birth, a child has the right:

a) for citizenship;

b) for equality;

c) to freedom.

5. From the age of six, a child has the right to:

a) independently conclude small household transactions;

b) change your first or last name;

c) express his opinion when resolving an issue affecting his interests.

6. The child has the right to attend educational institutions:

a) from 1.5 years;

b) from 3 years old;

c) from 6 years old.

7. The child has the right to go to work:

a) from 14 years of age;

b) from 15 years old;

c) from the age of 16.

8. A young person may be involved in hostilities:

a) from 15 years of age;

b) from 16 years of age;

c) from 18 years of age.

9. State minimum social standards for the main indicators of the quality of life of children include guaranteed, publicly available, free:

a) primary general, basic general, secondary (full) general education, primary vocational education;

b) secondary vocational, higher vocational education;

c) education in educational institutions.

a) from 6 years old;

b) from 8 years old;

c) from the age of 14.

6. BUSINESS GAME "WE KNOW THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD"

Goal: to form a knowledge system on protecting children's rights.

Tasks:

reveal the creative potential of teachers
teach to professionally evaluate pedagogical situations to protect the rights of the child

To provide an opportunity, working as a group, to unite it with a common initiative idea.

Creation and adoption of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child

On November 20, 1989, the UN General Assembly unanimously voted to adopt "World Constitution of the Rights of the Child" . And on January 26, 1990, the Convention on the Rights of the Child was signed by 61 countries.

The Supreme Soviet of the SSR ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child on June 13, 1990, and on July 14, 1990 it came into force for the Russian Federation.

After 6 years, it was accepted by almost all countries of the world, with the exception of two - Somalia and the USA.

The document contains 4 basic requirements that must ensure the rights of children:

Survival
Development
Protection
Ensuring active participation in society

It contains two fundamental principles:

a child is an independent subject of law, i.e. has the full range of civil, political, economic, social and cultural human rights.
Prioritizing the interests of children over the needs of family, society, and religion.

The significance of the Convention also lies in the fact that its articles for the first time bring together 38 rights of the child, previously dispersed in a large number of documents relating to various areas of rights.

Rights proclaimed in the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child

In accordance with the document under discussion, the child has the following rights:

Child's right to life (Article 6, paragraph 1).
The child's right to know his parents (Article 7, paragraph 1)
The child's right to parental care (Article 7. Clause 1)
The child's right to a name (Article 7, paragraph 1; Article 8, paragraph 1)
Child's right to citizenship (Article 7, paragraph 1; Article 8, paragraph 1)
The child’s right to preserve his or her individuality (Article 8, paragraph 1)
The child’s right to family ties (Article 8, paragraph 1)
The right of a child separated from his parents to maintain personal relationships and direct contact with his parents (Article 9, paragraph 3)
The right of a child whose parents live in different countries to maintain personal relationships and direct contacts with both parents (Article 10, paragraph 2)
10. The right of a child to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his own country (for the purpose of not being separated from parents) (Article 10, paragraph 2)
The right of the child to freely express his or her views (Article 12, paragraph 1)
The child’s right to freely express his or her opinion; this right includes freedom to seek, communicate and receive information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of boundaries, orally, in writing or in print, in the form of works of art or through other media of the child's choice. (Article 13, paragraph 1. 2)
The child's right to freedom of thought. Conscience and religion (Article 14, paragraph 1, 2)
The child’s right to freedom of association and freedom of peaceful assembly (Article 15, paragraph 1. 2)
The child's right to privacy (Article 16, paragraph 1)
The child’s right to inviolability of home (Article 16, paragraph 1)
The child’s right to family life (Article 16, paragraph 1)
The child’s right to confidentiality of correspondence (Article 16, paragraph 1)
The right of a child to the protection of the law from unlawful interference and attacks on his honor and reputation (Article 16, paragraph 1. 2)
The child’s right to access information and materials from a variety of national and international sources (Article 17, paragraph 1)
The right of a child whose parents work to use child care services and institutions (Article 18, paragraph 3)
The right of the child to protection from all forms of physical or mental violence, insult or abuse, neglect or neglect or exploitation, including sexual abuse (Article 19, paragraph 1)
The right of a child deprived of a family environment to special protection and assistance (Article 20, paragraph 1)
The right of a mentally and physically disabled child to special care (Article 23, paragraph 2)
The right to use the most advanced health care services and means of treating illness and restoring health (Article 24, paragraph 1, 2, 4)
The right of a child placed in the care of the competent authorities for the purpose of his care, his protection or physical or mental treatment, to periodic evaluation of the treatment and all other conditions related to his care (v. 25)
The right of the child to benefit from social security, including social insurance (Article 26, paragraph 1)
The right of the child to a standard of living adequate for physical, mental, spiritual, moral and social development (Article 27, paragraph 1, 3)
Child's rights to education (Article 28, paragraph 29)
The right of a child belonging to an ethnic, religious or linguistic minority or indigenous population to use his or her own language, culture, profess and practice his or her religion (v. 30)
The child’s right to rest and leisure (Article 31, paragraph 1. 2)
The right of the child to participate in games and recreational activities appropriate to his age, to freely participate in cultural and creative life and to engage in the arts (Article 31, paragraph 1)
The right of the child to be protected from economic exploitation and from performing any work that may be hazardous to his health or interfere with his education, or be harmful to his health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development (Article 32, paragraph 1)
The child’s right to protection from the illegal use of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances (v. 33)
The right of the child to be protected from all forms of sexual exploitation and sexual abuse, and from other forms of exploitation harmful to any aspect of the child’s well-being (v. 34; v. 36)
The right of a child deprived of his liberty to prompt access to legal and other appropriate assistance (v. 37)
The right of a child deprived of his liberty to be brought before a court or other competent, independent and impartial authority and to have a decision promptly taken by him in relation to any such proceedings (v. 37)
The right of a child who is alleged to have violated the criminal law, is charged with, or is found guilty of violating it, to be treated in a manner that promotes the child's sense of dignity and worth and promotes respect for human rights. (Article 40, paragraph 1)

Teachers are divided into 2 teams.

Break down the rights that are proclaimed in the Convention into groups:

For 1 team:

Survival Rights
Development Rights

For 2nd team:

Rights providing protection
Rights that enable active participation in society

Think and answer (Who is faster):

In which fairy tale is the right to personal integrity, life, and freedom violated? Prove that the chosen literary work is chosen correctly. ("Little Red Riding Hood" , "Gray Neck" , "The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Knights" and etc.)
What literary heroes could complain that the right to privacy of home was violated? ("Three piglets" , "Zayushkina's hut" and etc.)
In which famous fairy tale by Marshak is the child’s right to care and custody violated? ("Twelve months" )
In which fairy tale is the child’s right to rest and entertainment violated? ("Cinderella" )
What right did the witch violate in the fairy tale “Sister Alyonushka and Brother Ivanushka”? (The right to live)
What rights did the frog enjoy in Garshin’s fairy tale “The Frog Traveler”? (Right to free movement)
What rights did the brothers violate in the fairy tale “Ivan Tsarevich and the Gray Wolf”? (Right to life and security of person)
What right of the Princess did Kasha the Immortal violate by taking her to his place and deciding to marry her, in the fairy tale “The Frog Princess”? (Marriage by free and mutual consent)
What right did the talking Cricket advise Pinocchio to take advantage of in A. Tolstoy’s fairy tale “The Golden Key”? (Right to free education)
What right did Buratino violate by grabbing the rat Shushera by the tail? (Right to Personal Privacy)

"Magic chest" (for 2 teams, take turns)

Objects symbolizing familiar human rights are taken out from the chest one by one.

Birth certificate - What kind of document? What right does it remind you of? (About the right to a name).
Heart - What right can a heart represent? (About the right to care and love).
House - Why was the house here? What right does it remind you of? (On the right to property).
Envelope - What does an envelope remind you of? (No one has the right to read other people's letters and peep).
Primer - What right did the primer remind you of? (On the right to education).
Toy hare and bunny - What do these toys remind you of? (About the child’s right to be with his mother).

Solve problem situations.

For 1 team:

Situation 1

A 4-year-old boy sits at the table and talks during lunch. He distracts other children, who also begin to actively discuss the new toys their parents bought for him. At another table, the children had already eaten and were getting ready for bed. The teacher constantly makes comments, trying to force the children to eat in silence.

Questions:

Is the teacher violating the child’s rights?

What do you do in such a situation?

Situation 2

The teacher invites the children to start drawing. The topic is free. One girl goes for the doll and starts rocking it. Boys roll cars between blocks.

Other children are drawing.

Question:

What right does the child exercise in this activity?

For 2nd team:

Situation 3

There is a lesson on familiarization with the outside world. A story about different professions. A child talks about the teaching profession (or doctor), What is this "profession of beggars" . Question:

How to react to such a child’s opinion?

Situation 4

The child, coming to the group, says to the teacher: “Mom violated my rights today, she spanked me.” .

Assignment: describe the procedure for protecting the rights of the child in this situation.

Situation 5

The teacher took the belt from the child, which he was waving while undressing after a walk, and put it on the closet. In the evening, the boy's father demanded an explanation from the second-shift teacher, because, in his opinion, the child's rights had been violated.

Questions:

What do you think?

Was the child's right violated in this case? Which?

Show the sequence of stages of your conversation with the boy's father. Support your arguments with articles from the Convention on the Rights of the Child.

The senior teacher sums up the business game, reflection.

Using the example of these games, we were convinced of how the personality of an adult affects the psycho-emotional state of a child and acquired the skills of constructive interaction in the educational process.

Thus, in the classroom and in everyday life, it is necessary to role-play situations in which children would make independent decisions, leading to the idea that all people have the same rights.

Draft decision of the pedagogical council

To improve the use of knowledge on protecting children's rights in everyday work with children and parents when creating a subject-development environment in children's games and educational activities in preschool educational institutions.
Develop topics for business games, workshops, and trainings in order to solve complex pedagogical situations that arise in everyday life.
Coordinate the interaction of all preschool specialists - psychologist, medical worker, music director, physical education instructor - in the implementation of the rights of the child in kindergarten.
Organize discussion clubs for teachers and parents on protecting the rights of children in different age groups on the topic “The rights of the child in our kindergarten” .
With the help of parents and educators, collect a video library and library to introduce children to the Declaration of the Rights of the Child, the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, etc.

Pedagogical Council
"Do we know children's rights"
Preparing for the teachers' meeting.
Head of kindergarten
Takes the initiative to carry out work to protect the rights of the child. Forms motivation among employees for a responsible attitude towards its implementation. Provides material resources - acquires various documents for study.
Methodist
Studies and analyzes the peculiarities of communication between teachers and parents, conducts surveys of educators and parents, and selects special literature for self-education of teachers.
Teacher
Works closely with the family:
- observes the communication of children with their parents (how they meet in the evening, what questions the children ask, what is the reaction of the parents to the pranks and whims of the child, etc.);
- conducts drawing classes with children on the topics “My home, my family”, “What I like to play at home”, “A day off in my family”, “analyzes the results obtained;
- talks with parents, which allows you to obtain information about their education, interests, desires regarding the future of their child.
Main international documents:
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Declaration of the Rights of the Child
UN Convention on the Rights of the Child
Regulatory documents at the federal level:
Constitution of the Russian Federation
Civil Code
Family Code of the Russian Federation
Federal Law "On Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child in the Russian Federation"
Law of the Russian Federation "On Education"
Model regulations on a preschool educational institution.
Regional regulations on the protection of children's rights:
laws adopted by the legislative bodies of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation;
resolutions (orders) of executive authorities.
Part I. Opening speech by the manager.
Dear Colleagues! Today we are talking about protecting the rights and dignity of the child. We did not choose this topic by chance. After all, thanks to the right, a person has the opportunity not only to do something, to act, to act in any way, but also to demand respect for his rights.
A long, long time ago, even in ancient times, people had a need to defend their rights. The ancient man conquered the right by force. The weak had no rights if he did not have an intercessor willing to defend his right to property and life. It was not so quickly that people realized that the state could become a strong protector. For a long time in the history of mankind, the law “An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth” reigned.
People began to think about human rights as such in Ancient Greece, where the legendary Solon carried out the first democratic reforms in the seventh century BC. Many years have passed since then. Life has become more dangerous. Humanity felt a threat to its existence. What rights can a person have in a society shaken by wars and disasters?
The rights of the child, being an integral part of human rights, serve as the foundation on which national systems of upbringing and education are built in any country in the world.
Article 18 (clause 1) of the Law “On Education” states that parents are the first teachers who are obliged to lay the foundations for the physical, moral and intellectual development of the child in early and preschool age. Methods of education must exclude neglectful, cruel, rude, degrading treatment, insult or exploitation.
On January 1, 1997, the Russian Federation introduced criminal liability of parents for failure to fulfill or improper fulfillment of responsibilities for raising children. If parents abuse a child, they must be punished in accordance with Art. 156 of the Criminal Code.
The child’s right to protect his legitimate interests is enshrined in Art. 56 of the Family Code.
Officials and citizens who are aware of a threat to the life or health of a child or violations of his legitimate interests must report this to the guardianship and trusteeship authorities at the place of the child’s actual location. To verify reports, representatives of this body (with the involvement of police officers, if necessary) are entitled to visit such families and subsequently make decisions.
In accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, responsibility for work on the upbringing, education, health care, social protection and social services of the child also lies with pedagogical, medical, social workers, psychologists and other specialists (clause 3 of article 7 of the Federal Law of July 24, 1998 No. 124-FZ "On the basic guarantees of the rights of the child in the Russian Federation").
The fact that Russia has ratified the above-mentioned most important documents indicates a positive trend and gives grounds to think through the pedagogical aspect of the problem of legal education of children, starting from preschool age.
Thus, the main tasks of the preschool educational institution include:
making a decision on organizing work to provide assistance to children experiencing violence and abuse from their parents;
establishing contact with specialized child protection services;
carrying out work to form the legal consciousness of parents and teachers;
What does that require?
Firstly, the teacher’s conviction that carrying out educational, preventive and corrective work with parents to respect and protect the rights of children in the family is not an additional burden, but the most important condition for increasing the effectiveness of the educational process.
Secondly, a certain level of legal qualifications and culture of the teachers themselves.
Thirdly, the creation of a special form of communication between parents and educators, which can be designated as confidential business contact (I.A. Karpenko, V.A. Petrovsky).
According to the concept of initial legal education by S.A. Kozlova, this problem can be solved effectively only if it is approached from two sides: from the side of ensuring the legal literacy of adults and from the side of the child’s ability to understand their rights and responsibilities.
Educating adults - parents, teachers - begins with drawing their attention to this serious issue. Not all adults understand that a preschool child has certain rights that must be respected. First of all, it is necessary to introduce adults to the fundamental documents, involve them in analyzing their own attitude towards children, it is useful to remember life situations when the rights of adults and children were violated, etc. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to develop an effective methodology for working with teachers and parents. Here, both direct information and the creation of problematic situations, reading legislative documents and their analysis can be used.
As for children, in relation to children of preschool age we should talk not about purely legal, but about moral and legal education, since its basis is the moral standards of behavior and relationships learned and accepted by the children. The peculiarity of legal norms is the lack of emotional overtones and strict requirements for compliance with these norms by every member of society. Moral standards are aimed at regulating relationships between people. But moral norms require that an individual not only formally follow them, but also that they, these norms, become a habit, a personal conviction. It is impossible, for example, to force a person to love another, to empathize and sympathize with him. But you can oblige not to harm the health of another, not to kill, etc. The selection of knowledge transmitted to the child about his rights is built on the basis of material from a loved one, which is part of the social experience of the preschooler. These rights can be divided into three blocks.
The first block is the rights that children encounter all the time: the right to a name, the right to love and affection, the right to play, protection from abuse, etc.
The second block is the rights that are most often violated. These include: the right to express one’s opinion, one’s views, the right to property, to privacy, to choose a favorite activity, etc.
The third block of rights that can be introduced to preschool children are rights the knowledge of which can contribute to the development of the child’s interest in social phenomena and which are accessible to knowledge at the level of generalizations. This is the right to education, to housing and family, to nutritious food, etc.
Results of a survey of teachers and parents.
Today at the teachers' meeting we will try to consolidate the acquired knowledge and practical experience.
To do this, we need to split into two teams.
Task No. 1.
Try to refute the following statements using articles of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.
Children have only one right: to do what their parents and educators tell them (Article 2)
The child must live in his family, despite the fact that this is contrary to his interests (Article 9)
Task No. 2
Choose the correct answer.
What differences (race, ethnicity, gender, health status) may affect children's unequal use of their rights?
a) there are no such differences (Article 2)
b) nationality
c) health status
Who is primarily responsible for raising a child?
a) teachers
b) parents (Article 18)
c) members of the government
Who is responsible for caring for children without parents under the Convention on the Rights of the Child?
a) for charitable organizations
b) for foreign sponsors
c) to the state (Article 20)
The state must protect the child from economic exploitation and work that:
a) not listed in official publications
b) can interfere with education and harm health (Article 32)
c) do not correspond to the interests and inclinations of the child.
Does the child have the right to income received by him:
a) yes, if they are obtained with parental consent
b) yes, if they were not obtained as a result of an offense
c) no, the parents must manage the child’s property.
Who will be summoned to court as a defendant if the rights and freedoms of children are violated in an educational institution and the matter comes to trial:
a) the head as a representative of the preschool educational institution
b) the employee who committed the violation
c) representative of the education department
Task No. 3
What rights of fairy tale heroes are violated?
What right was violated in the fairy tale “Zayushkina’s Hut”?
- right to privacy of home
- the right to live
2. What crime did the geese and swans commit when they stole their brother? (child abduction)
3. What right did the cricket Pinocchio advise to use in the fairy tale “The Golden Key”?
- the right to free education
- right to personal integrity
4. For how long and for what amount of remuneration did the priest hire a worker in the fairy tale by A.S. Pushkin “The Tale of the Priest and His Worker Balda” (For a year in three clicks).
Children are an integral part of our life, its decoration. They are happy and sad together in their dreams. We open this huge world for them. But we ourselves constantly learn from our children, because they are our reflection: as we are, so are they. Children grow and change. They need our stability, reliability of being for security and confidence.
Crossword.
Questions
Possession of behavioral skills that meet accepted social requirements.
Boy or girl at an early age.
Protection, salvation from something unpleasant, dangerous.
International treaty on a special issue.
A government decree or rule that is considered mandatory.
Answers:
1 Q O S P I T A N IE
2 R E B E N O K
3 PROTECTION
4 CONVENTION
5 LAW
Analyze situations and note violations of children’s rights.
1. The boy is eating a cracker. He likes it and eats with pleasure. The grandmother offers her grandson an orange: “It’s delicious, healthy, it contains a lot of vitamins, eat an orange!” “Grandma, I don’t want to eat it, I like crackers,” the boy answers. “I insist,” continues the grandmother, “eat it, it’s healthier for your body!” “Oh, I won’t!” - the grandson protests, - I don’t want to!
Question: “Have you ever had such situations in your life? How did you get out of them?
2. “Ira,” says mom, “go have breakfast right away!” How long to wait for you! We'll be late for kindergarten, and I'll be late for work! Have you washed your hands? Why do you need to be reminded of everything? Sit up straight! Don't move around at the table! Why are you digging, eat faster! Stop swinging your legs...What a habit! Don’t dig, eat...!” Question: “Evaluate the style of communication with a five-year-old girl”? “In what mood do you think a child will come to kindergarten?”
"Legal Academy"
Card 1
Which of the following answer options is correct from the point of view of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child?
Exercise. What rights of the child do States Parties to the Convention undertake to respect and ensure?
1) The right to life, the right to citizenship, the right to education;
2) the right to life, the right to family ties, the right to education;
3) the right to life, the right to freely express one’s thoughts, the right to rest and leisure;
4) the whole range of civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights.
Card 2
Which of the given answer options is correct from the point of view of the Family Code of the Russian Federation?
Task 1. Who is primarily responsible for providing the living conditions necessary for the development of the child?
1) Government bodies of the Russian Federation;
3) educational institution;
4) parents and other persons raising the child.
Task 2. Who should participate in making decisions affecting the present and future of the child?
1) Parents or other persons responsible for the lives of children, their development and protection;
2) the child and parents or other persons in loco parentis;
H) parents or other persons acting in loco parentis and educational institution;
4) parents and local education authorities.
Card 3
Which of the given answer options is correct from the point of view of the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education”?
Task 1. Who is responsible for violating the rights and freedoms of students in a general education institution?
1) Persons who have committed or committed violations;
2) local government bodies;
H) local education authorities;
4) educational institution.
Task 2. Who is responsible for creating the necessary conditions for the training of students in an educational institution?
1) Founder;
2) governing bodies of the educational institution;
H) officials of an educational institution;
4) governing bodies of an educational institution and all educational governing bodies within their competence.
Task 3. Does the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education” give the right to participate in the management of an educational institution to parents (legal representatives) of students?
1) yes, only through parent committees;
2) yes, the law grants them such a right, without indicating the form of this participation;
3) yes, only through the Council of the educational institution;
4) no.
Task 4. How should the health protection of students be observed in an educational institution?
1) Teaching staff of an educational institution are required to regularly undergo free medical examinations;
2) properly organize the diet and activities of pupils;
3) send weakened children to special health institutions;
4) create conditions that guarantee the protection and promotion of the health of pupils.
Card 4
Exercise. You have learned that your neighbors next door are cruel to their child. What actions should you take?
1) Talk to the child’s parents and point out the illegality of their actions;
2) inform the educational institution where the child is studying;
3) call the guardianship and trusteeship authorities and provide the coordinates of the family where the child’s rights are violated.
Card 5
Exercise. A property dispute arose between the spouses during the divorce. During the trial, their six-year-old child must participate in the legal procedure. Does only one of the parents have the right to represent the interests of the child?
1) Yes, since parents are defenders of the rights and legitimate interests of children;
2) yes, if the designated parent lives with the child;
3) no, the guardianship authorities are obliged to appoint a representative for the child to protect his rights;
4) no, the child has the right to his own opinion.
Card b
The topic is discussed: “Content, forms and methods of working with children of senior preschool age to explain the Convention on the Rights of the Child.
Exercise. What forms of propaganda, explanation, information do you consider possible to use in working with children?
Card 7
Exercise. What questions would you like to raise and consider first when discussing the topic “Content, forms and methods of kindergarten work with parents to explain the ideas of the Convention on the Rights of the Child?
Card 8
Exercise. Remember if you have ever encountered cases of child abuse or neglect in your work:
What signs of the child’s or his parents’ behavior alerted you then?
How did you behave, how did you feel?
what did you do?
How, in your opinion, should and should not be done in similar situations?
Answers to assignments
Card 1
Exercise.
The Convention recognizes that the exercise of one right is inseparable from the enjoyment of others.
“States Parties shall respect and ensure all rights provided for in the Convention to every child within their jurisdiction, without discrimination of any kind, regardless of race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national, ethnic or social origin, property status, health..." (Convention on the Rights of the Child, Part 1, Art. 2).

Card 2
Exercise 1.
The correct answer is fourth.
“Parents are responsible for the upbringing and development of their children. They are obliged to take care of the health, physical, mental, spiritual and moral development of their children” (Family Code of the Russian Federation, p. 63, paragraph 1).
For failure to fulfill or improper fulfillment of responsibilities for raising children, parents may be held accountable for various types of legal liability.
Task 2.
The correct answer is the second one.
“All issues related to the upbringing and education of children are resolved by parents by mutual consent, based on the interests of the children and taking into account the opinions of the children” (Family Code of the Russian Federation, p. 65, paragraph 2).
Task Z.
The correct answer is the second one.
“The child has the right of ownership of the income received by him” (Family Code of the Russian Federation, p. 60, clause 3).

Income means not only property received as a gift or by inheritance, but also earnings.

Card 3
Exercise 1.
The correct answer is fourth.
3 Law of the Russian Federation "On Education" places responsibility for violation of the rights and freedoms of students on the educational institution (Article 32, paragraph 4). We are talking about the responsibility of an educational institution as a legal entity.
Task 2.
The correct answer is the third.
“Responsibility for creating the necessary conditions for study, work and rest of pupils lies with officials of educational institutions in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation and the charter of this educational institution” (Law of the Russian Federation “On Education”, one hundred 51, paragraph 7).
An official is an employee of a government agency authorized to make important decisions and carry out legally significant actions. In a preschool educational institution, an official means the head of the preschool educational institution.
Task Z.
The correct answer is the first one.
In accordance with the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education,” the educational institution must bear responsibility for violations of the rights and freedoms of students. It must be represented by the head of this institution or another authorized official. The court ruling will be addressed to the educational institution, and not to specific officials responsible for the activities of the educational institution, and not to persons who directly violated the rights and freedoms of students. The head of the educational institution, based on the results of the court decision, must take measures to eliminate the violations noted by the court and compensate for the damage caused to the educational institution by the actions of its employees.
Task 4.
The correct answer is the second one.
“Parents (legal representatives) of minor children, until the latter receive basic general education, have the right... to protect the legal rights and interests of the child, to take part in the management of an educational institution” (Law of the Russian Federation “On Education”, 1052, paragraph 1).
The law does not indicate any restrictions in the choice of governing bodies of an educational institution in which parents (legal representatives) could participate. They have the right to elect and be elected to representative or other self-government bodies of an educational institution in accordance with the procedure established in the charter.
Task 5.
The correct answer is fourth. “The educational institution creates conditions that guarantee the protection and promotion of the health of students.
The teaching load, class schedule, and catering are determined by the UST1VOM of the educational institution on the basis of recommendations agreed with the health authorities" (Law of the Russian Federation "On Education", Art. 51, clause 1).

Card 4
The correct answer is the third. "Officials of organizations and other
citizens who become aware of a threat to the life and health of a child, a violation of his rights and legitimate interests, are obliged to report this to the guardianship and trusteeship authority at the place of the child’s actual location.
Upon receipt of such information, the guardianship and trusteeship authority is obliged to take the necessary measures to protect the rights and legitimate interests of the child" (Family Code, Art. 56, paragraph 3).

Card 5
The correct answer is the third. “Parents do not have the right to represent the interests of their children if the guardianship and trusteeship authority determines that there are contradictions between the interests of parents and children. In case of disagreements between parents and children, the guardianship and trusteeship authority is obliged to appoint a representative to protect the rights and interests of children” (Family Code, Art. 64, paragraph 2).
Card 7
Sample questions for discussing the topic “Content, forms and methods of kindergarten work with parents to explain the ideas of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.
1. Name the reasons that, from your point of view, hinder the protection of the rights of the child in the family.
2. Under the influence of what factors (information, suggestion, punishment in the form of legal liability, etc.) are parents able to realize the need to change their behavior?
H. What connection do you see between respect for the rights of a young child and his gaining self-esteem?
4. Why does the possessive attitude of parents towards their child lead to tyranny?
Until what age is a person considered a child? (18 years)
How do you understand the expression: “My home is my castle”?
How does it relate to human rights?
The state guarantees in the field of education of preschool children (what rights?)
What child rights are violated in zones of armed conflict?
Collage “Children’s rights in pictures and phrases”

head

Sections: Working with preschoolers

Increasing and expanding the legal consciousness of teachers and parents, increasing the cohesion of teachers and parents. Protecting the rights of the child at all stages of his development and carrying out prevention and correction of antisocial behavior of parents who are considered to be in the “at-risk” group.

Form:

Round table.

Present:

Teachers of MADOU 16 people; chairman of the parent committee; members of the parent committee 7 people.

Providing information, legal, and methodological assistance to teachers, parents, and children through trainings and consultations. Formation of common approaches to education, joint study of the child’s personality, development of common requirements, organization of assistance in the development of moral principles.

Visibility:

1. Regulatory documents on the protection of the rights of the child:

Convention on the Rights of the Child of 01/01/2001 Declaration of the Rights of the Child of 01/01/2001 of 01/01/2001 No. 1-FKZ Family Code of the Russian Federation as of 10/01/2005 Regional Law “On the Protection of the Rights of the Child” of 10/23/95 Law “On Education” of 01.01.2001 Federal Law “On Basic Guarantees of the Rights of the Child in the Russian Federation” of 03.08.98

Preliminary work:

A number of consultations were held on the legal framework for the protection of children's rights.

Open events “The Constitution through the eyes of children” in the preparatory group teacher; “Journey to Prostokvashino” (under the articles of the Convention on the Rights of the Child) teacher in the preparatory group; “The Merry Adventures of Kolobok” in II ml. group (based on the Declaration of the Rights of the Child) teacher

Information stand for parents on legal topics;

Agenda:

The relevance of moral and legal education of the family of preschoolers and teaching staff.

Head of MADOU No. 19 “Teremok”

Business game with teachers on knowledge of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the Declaration of Human Rights

senior teacher

Getting to know the positive experience of the Lavrov family.

The head of MADOU No. 19 “Teremok” spoke about the relevance of the moral and legal education of the family of a preschool child and the teaching staff (Appendix).

The senior teacher conducted a business game “Discover Yourself” on knowledge of the Declaration of the Rights of the Child. The solution to all problematic situations must be linked to the principles of the Declaration of the Rights of the Child, so that adults recognize them and try to respect the rights of the child, regardless of his age. The senior teacher reads out the problem situation, and the teachers independently find the correct answer based on the principles of the Declaration. The knowledge of the Declaration of the Rights of the Child by the participants in the game was summed up. (Application)

The chairman of the parent committee of MADOOU No. 19 “Teremok” introduced those present to the positive experience of the Lavrov family, who have two children, pupils of MADOOU No. 19 “Teremok”. The following were presented: family videos, albums with photographs about the family, family genealogical tree, etc. The positive experience of the presented family was approved and taken as an example to follow.

The following speakers took part in the debate:

Nurse, senior teacher, music director

Decision of the pedagogical council:

Continue the moral and legal education of preschoolers at MADOU No. 19 “Teremok” on the formation of humanism, moral qualities and law-abidingness through propaganda, the fundamentals of Russian and international legislation among teachers

Annex 1

Appendix 2

Annex 1

The relevance of the problem of human rights today is beyond doubt.

Russian society is going through an important stage in its history and is awaiting serious changes in the socio-economic, political and spiritual life of society.

The country is on the path of modernizing socio-economic and legal relations, forming a new type of legal system.

In recent years, Russia has seen significant changes in the assessment of the role of law in society, the attitude towards law as a mechanism for the conflict-free realization of one’s interests in modern society is strengthening, law is acquiring specific features and practical significance for everyone.

The right to life, dignity, personal integrity, freedom of conscience, opinions, beliefs, autonomy of personal life, the right to participate in political processes are necessary conditions for the harmonious existence of both a modern person and society. The very formulation of the question of children’s rights and their observance reflects changes in the education system and, above all, in the sphere of relations between the main participants in the educational process: children, parents, teachers.

A child comes into this world helpless and... His life, health, future depends entirely on peace on Earth, on his parents, on the actions of other adults. The child believes in their love and kind attitude and really hopes for their protection.

The problem of observance of the rights of preschool children in preschool educational institutions and families in our country has practically not been studied; only issues of protecting the rights of children have been touched upon to one degree or another, but they do not reflect the specifics of preschool childhood.

In the 90s, reforms of Russian society had an ambiguous impact on the family and led to profound changes in its life. Many families, having lost their previous state support, were unable to adapt to new living conditions and formulate the strategies and mechanisms necessary for their protection.

Without receiving qualified pedagogical assistance, parents in raising their children are guided by memories of their own childhood and use spontaneous sources of information - advice from friends, neighbors, and other parents.

Parents do not have the right to harm the physical and mental health of children or their moral development.

It is extremely important that children grow up in an atmosphere of respect and do not suffer from various negative consequences, because our future is in the weak hands of a child. Therefore, now in difficult socio-economic conditions, one cannot remain indifferent to the troubles of small Russian citizens.

Consequently, a preschool educational institution must stand up for the protection of the rights and dignity of a small child. The purpose of this teachers' council is to determine how children's rights are respected in preschool educational institutions and families, to develop recommendations for educators and parents on protecting the rights and dignity of a small child.

Application

Information mail

Pedagogical technology

"Discover yourself"

Declaration of the Rights of the Child

The General Assembly proclaims this Declaration of the Rights of the Child to ensure a happy childhood and the enjoyment for their own benefit and the benefit of the community of the rights and freedoms herein provided, and calls upon parents to recognize and endeavor to respect these rights...

Principle #1

The child must have all the rights specified in this Declaration. These rights must be recognized for all children without any exception and without distinction or discrimination based on race, color, sex or language. Religion, political or other beliefs, national or social origin, property status, birth or other circumstances relating to the child or his family.

Principle #2

The child must be provided by law and other means with special protection and with opportunities and favorable conditions that would enable him to develop physically, mentally, morally, spiritually and socially in a healthy and normal manner. In making laws for this purpose, the best interests of the child must be the primary consideration.

Principle #3

The child should have the right to a name and citizenship at birth.

Principle #4

The child must benefit from social security. He should have the right to healthy growth and development. To this end, special care and protection must be provided to both him and his mother, including adequate prenatal and postnatal care. The child must have the right to adequate food, housing and healthcare. service.

Principle #5

A child who is physically, mentally or socially disabled must be provided with special treatment, education and care necessary due to his special development.

Principle #6

For the full and harmonious development of his personality, a child needs love and understanding. He should, whenever possible, grow up under the care and responsibility of his parents and, in any case, in an atmosphere of love and moral and material security. A young child should not, except in exceptional circumstances, be separated from his mother. Society and public authorities must have a duty to provide special care for children without families and for children without sufficient means of subsistence. It is desirable that large families be provided with state or other child support benefits.

Principle #7

The child has the right to receive education, which should be free and compulsory, at least in the initial stages. He should be given an education which is consistent with his general cultural development and through which he can, on a basis of equality of opportunity, develop his abilities and personal judgment, as well as a sense of moral and social responsibility, and become a useful member of society.

The best interests of the child should be the guiding principle for those responsible for the child's education and learning, and this responsibility lies primarily with the parents. The child must be provided with full opportunity for games and entertainment, which would be aimed at the goals pursued by education. Society and public authorities must make efforts to facilitate the implementation of this right.

Principle #8

The child must be protected from all forms of neglect, cruelty, and exploitation. It must not be trafficked in any form.

Principle #9

A child should not be employed before reaching the appropriate age minimum. He shall in no case be assigned or permitted work or occupations which would be harmful to his health or education or which would interfere with his physical, mental or moral development.

Principle #10

The child must be protected from practices that may encourage racial, religious or any other form of discrimination. He should be brought up in the spirit of tolerance, friendship among peoples, peace and universal brotherhood, and in the full consciousness that his energies and abilities should be devoted to the service of the benefit of other people.

Pedagogical council “Legal education of preschool children” Warm-up 1. How many articles are there in the Convention on the Rights of the Child? 2.What rights of the child do the states parties to the UN Convention on Rights undertake to respect and ensure?

Right to life, citizenship, education;
Right to life, family ties, education;
The right to life, free expression of thoughts, rest and leisure;
The whole range of civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights.

3. Who is responsible for providing the living conditions necessary for the development of the child?

Government bodies of the Russian Federation;
Local government bodies;
Educational institution;
Parents and other persons raising the child.

4. Who should be involved in making decisions that affect the child’s present and future?

Parents or other persons responsible for the lives of children, their development and protection;
The child and parents or other persons in loco parentis;
Parents or persons in loco parentis and educational institution;
Parents and local authorities.

5.Does the child have the right to the income he receives?

Yes, if they are obtained with parental consent;
Yes, if they were not obtained as a result of an offense;
No, the parents must manage the child’s property;
No, the child should not work.

6. Who is responsible for creating the necessary conditions for children to study in an educational institution?

Founder;
Governing bodies of an educational institution;
Officials of the educational institution;
Management bodies of an educational institution and all education management bodies within their competence.

7. Who will be summoned to court as a defendant if the rights and freedoms of children are violated in an educational institution and the matter comes to trial?

The head as a representative of the educational institution;
The manager as an official of this institution;
An employee of an educational institution who committed a violation;
founder of an educational institution.

8. How should the health protection of students be observed in an educational institution?

Teaching staff of an educational institution are required to regularly undergo free medical examinations;
Properly organized diet and activities for pupils;
Referral of weakened children to special health institutions;
Creation of conditions that guarantee the protection and promotion of the health of pupils.

Quiz “Rights of literary heroes”

In which fairy tale is the right to personal integrity, life and freedom violated? ?
What literary characters could complain that the right to privacy of home was violated?
The heroine of which fairy tale took advantage of the right of free movement and choice of place of residence?
In which fairy tale did the heroine exercise the right to seek and find refuge and protection from persecution in other countries?
Which literary heroes took advantage of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly?
Which fairy tales confirm the right of a worker to fair remuneration?
Who violated the law and who helped restore it in the fairy tale “Zayushkina’s Hut”?
What right did Tsarevich Ivan violate in the fairy tale “Tsarevich Ivan and the Gray Wolf”?
What right did the brothers violate in the fairy tale “Ivan the Tsarevich and the Gray Wolf”?
What rights did the frog enjoy in V. Garshin’s fairy tale “The Frog Traveler”?
How far could the frog move using its right to move?
What crime did the geese-swans commit in the fairy tale of the same name?

Educating preschool teachers on legal education begins with drawing their attention to this serious issue. Teachers. Kindergartens must ensure that children grow up in legal security.

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Pedagogical council "Legal education in preschool educational institutions"

The topic of our teachers' council is “Legal education in preschool educational institutions.”

We hope that the chosen topic will be of interest not only to us, but that you will also become active participants in the discussion. You can learn about how legal education is carried out in our preschool educational institution, what forms are used, during the teachers' meeting.

Since ancient times, humanity has understood that life begins in childhood. A child comes into the world helpless and defenseless. His life is completely dependent on adults. Many philosophers and thinkers raised the problem of protecting children in their works. Thus, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry wrote: “You are forever responsible for those you have tamed.”

With the advent of the 21st century. Throughout the world, this problem has become especially acute: the socio-economic situation of the modern world affects primarily children. Understanding that children are the most precious thing in any society, teachers are faced with solving the most important problem: how to protect the rights of the child, thereby preserving the gene pool of the nation. At the beginning of 2006, there were 33.1 million children living in Russia, which accounted for almost a quarter of the country's population. Our future and the future of Russia depends on what kind of upbringing, education and development children receive, how they will be prepared for life in a rapidly changing world. For our society, there is not a Day or a Year for the Protection of Children, but a Time of working on raising the generation that should replace us. The child believes in the love, strength, and kindness of adults. Fortunately, humanity has not remained indifferent to the troubles of children. The UN General Assembly adopted the Convention on the Rights of the Child. And it happened like this.

In 1923 in Geneva, the League of Nations adopted the Declaration of the Rights of the Child proposed by the International Save the Children Union. This was the first international legal document to protect the rights and interests of children. The Declaration emphasized for the first time that all humanity should be concerned about protecting the rights of children. Despite the significance of this event, the final system for protecting children’s rights took shape much later.

The Declaration of the Rights of the Child, adopted in 1959, was the first document to recognize and respect children's rights through legislation and other measures. The Declaration was the semantic basis of a new, important international document - the Convention on the Rights of the Child. This is how her acceptance happened.

In June 1989, the three-masted ship “Envoy of the City of Nantes” departed from the coast of Brittany (France) on the course Dakar - Forde-France - New York. On board there were about a dozen young people of different nationalities aged from 12 to 16 years. On the island of Gorée near Dakar they were joined by 15 more young men and women, and on the islands of the West Indies the ship took on board another group of young people.

Boys and girls represented five continents. They set out on a journey with two symbolic goals: to follow the slave trade routes from Africa to America and to jointly reflect on the main articles of the draft Convention on the Rights of the Child. At the end of the journey, the young people visited the UN headquarters in New York, where they presented its Secretary General Javier Perez de Cuellar with a petition demanding that he finally ratify the Convention, the discussion of which began back in 1959.

From this historical moment, all progressive humanity learned about the “world constitution of the rights of the child,” as publicists call it.

Global changes taking place in the political and social life of the country have necessitated the search for new approaches to raising children. We must educate an active citizen, and such a person is when he has developed a sense of self-worth, the ability to resist cruelty, when he knows how to defend his rights. It is in preschool age that the child’s relationships with other people, culture, nature and religion of his own and other peoples are formed. And here they act as guides for him

adults.

Dear Colleagues! While teaching others, learn yourself. Every person in the modern world, and even more so a teacher, educator, must know his rights, respect and protect them. Otherwise, we will not teach others without having knowledge ourselves.

So, you are familiar with the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the Declaration of Human Rights. We offer a short warm-up during which you need to answer questions. There are four answer options for each of them. You must choose the correct answer and pick up the card with the selected letter (a, b, c, d).

WARM-UP

1. How many articles are there in the Convention on the Rights of the Child?

a) 45;

b) 37;

c) 54;

d) 53.

2. What rights of the child are obliged to respect and ensure?

States parties to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child?

a) The right to life, citizenship, education;

b) the right to life, family ties, education;

c) the right to life, to free expression of one’s thoughts, rest and leisure;

d) the whole range of civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights.

3. Who is responsible for providing the living conditions necessary for the development of the child?

a) Government bodies of the Russian Federation;

b) local government bodies;

c) educational institution;

d) parents and other persons raising the child.

4. Who should be involved in making decisions that affect the child’s present and future?

a) Parents or other persons responsible for life

children, their development and protection;

b) the child and parents or other persons in loco parentis;

c) parents or other persons in loco parentis and educational institution;

d) parents and local authorities.

5. Does the child have the right to the income he receives?

a) Yes, if they are obtained with parental consent;

b) yes, if they were not obtained as a result of an offense;

c) no, the parents must manage the child’s property;

d) no, the child should not work.

6. Who is responsible for creating the necessary conditions for children to study in an educational institution?

a) Founder;

b) governing bodies of the educational institution;

c) officials of an educational institution;

d) governing bodies of an educational institution and all educational management bodies within their competence.

7. Who will be summoned to court as a defendant if the rights and freedoms of children are violated in an educational institution and the matter comes to trial?

a) The head as a representative of the educational institution;

b) the manager as an official of this institution;

c) an employee of an educational institution who committed a violation;

d) founder of an educational institution.

8. How should the health protection of students be observed in an educational institution?

a) Teaching staff of an educational institution are required to regularly undergo free medical examinations;

b) educational institutions require a properly organized diet and activities for students;

c) it is necessary to ensure the referral of weakened children to special health institutions;

d) it is necessary to create conditions that guarantee the protection and promotion of the health of pupils.

Every child should know their rights and be legally literate. Educators and the entire teaching staff are the main participants in the legal education of children. In our preschool educational institution we work with children and parents on legal

Events include:

Concluding agreements with parents;

Conducting a series of conversations, classes, and leisure activities for children and adults on this topic;

Creation of a data bank about the families of preschool children, a social passport of the preschool educational institution;

Design of visual information stands in groups; parent survey; holding consultations and teacher councils on this topic; exhibitions of family and children's works. The main activity is the joint activity of an adult and a child.

In order to develop in children basic ideas about rights and freedoms, a sense of respect and tolerance for other people, it is important not only to provide knowledge, but also to create conditions for their practical application. We choose the main types of activities for preschoolers: gaming and artistic-productive. The preschool educational institution conducts role-playing, theatrical and didactic games, exercises for the development of the emotional sphere, empathy, communication skills, and psychological trainings. Educators

problem-search activities of children are organized (work in a group to resolve problem situations, development of joint projects with teachers, conditions for productive activities are created (emblems, posters are made, their presentation is carried out).

As illustrative examples illustrating this or that child’s right or legal concept, we use fairy tales, poems, proverbs, and sayings. However, we carefully introduce children to human rights using the material of fairy tales - after all, in fairy tales there is a completely different assessment of the actions of the heroes. The use of a legal rating system can lead to a distortion of children's perception of fairy tales, to the condemnation of good heroes and the justification of villains.

We offer you a quiz.

QUIZ “RIGHTS OF LITERARY HEROES”

1. In which fairy tale is the right to personal integrity, life and freedom violated? (“Gray Neck”, “Little Red Riding Hood”, “Thumbelina”, “The Tale of the Fisherman and the Fish”.)

2. What literary characters could complain that their right to the inviolability of their home was violated? (Piglets from the fairy tale “The Three Little Pigs”, a bunny from the fairy tale “The Ice Hut”.)

3. The heroine of which fairy tale took advantage of the right to free movement and choose her place of residence? ("Frog traveler".)

4. In which fairy tale did the heroine take advantage of the right to seek and find refuge and protection from persecution in other countries? (“Thumbelina.”)

5. Which literary characters took advantage of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly? (Musicians of Bremen, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, characters from the fable “Quartet.”)

6. Which fairy tales confirm the right of a worker to fair remuneration? (“Moroz Ivanovich”, “Mistress Blizzard”, “The Tale of the Priest and His Worker Balda”.)

Agree that the work of the teaching staff will be nullified if it does not find a response in the family. It is close people who play a special role in the development of personality, physical and mental well-being of the child. If alienation occurs between a child and an adult, children feel unloved and suffer greatly. Psychiatrists believe that most often their patients are people who have experienced abuse and a chronic lack of love in childhood.

Child abuse: what is it?

“Problem parents” are not the child’s fault, but his misfortune and misfortune. Child abuse is not only beatings, wounds, sexual harassment with which adults physically mutilate a child, it is also humiliation, bullying, various forms of neglect that hurt the child's soul.

Neglect can be expressed in the fact that parents do not provide the child with the necessary food, clothing, hygienic care, or deprive them of sleep. In addition, neglect is manifested in a lack of respect, attention, affection, and warmth on the part of parents.

Abuse in childhood makes people socially maladjusted and unable to start a family or be good parents. A dangerous social consequence of violence is the further reproduction of cruelty. Abuse of children can be committed not only by parents, but also by other family members, guardians, trustees, educators, etc.

FOUR MAJOR FORMS OF CHILD ABUSE

1. Physical violence - deliberate infliction of physical harm.

Sexual abuse (or corruption) is the involvement of a child, with or without his or her consent, in sexual activity with an adult for the purpose of obtaining satisfaction or benefit for the latter. A child’s consent to sexual contact does not give grounds to consider it non-violent, since the child cannot foresee all the negative consequences for himself.

3. Mental (emotional) violence is a periodically long-term or constant mental impact on a child, inhibiting the development of his personality and forming pathological character traits.

Mental forms of violence include:

Open rejection and constant criticism;

Verbal threats against a child;

Remarks in an offensive form that degrade the dignity of a child;

Intentional physical or social isolation;

Lies and failure by adults to keep their promises;

A single harsh mental impact that causes mental trauma.

4. Neglect of the needs of a child - lack of basic care for the child, as a result of which his emotional state is disrupted and a threat to health and life or his development appears.

Neglect of a child’s basic needs includes:

Lack of food, clothing, housing, education, and medical care adequate for the child’s age and needs;

Due attention and care, as a result of which the child may become a victim of an accident.

According to European and American studies, in recent years the number of cases of child abuse and neglect of their needs has been steadily increasing.

There are risk factors that can trigger child abuse in the family:

Single-parent or large families, families with adoptive parents, the presence of stepfathers or stepmothers;

The presence in the family of patients with alcoholism, drug addiction or a person who has returned from prison;

Unemployment, constant financial difficulties;

Conflicts between parents;

Status of refugees, internally displaced persons;

Low level of culture, education, negative family traditions;

An unwanted child;

Mental or physical disabilities of the child;

Difficult child.

Solving situations.

Situation 1

Irishka was playing by the open window. On the windowsill there was a pot with my mother’s favorite flower. Irishka's friends called out from the yard, she raised her hand to wave to them, and... the flower pot ended up on the ground. Hearing the noise, my mother ran into the room. Without understanding, she scolded and spanked the girl.

What child rights were violated?

Situation 2

Tanya loved to tidy up her doll's corner. She wet the cloth with water, wrung it out, and wiped the furniture. The girl accidentally stepped on the basin. Water spilled over the carpet. The girl looked at the puddle in confusion. Mom approached her.

Questions:

Describe the situation from different perspectives.

Task 2. “A worthy answer.”

The goal is to find a way out of a conflict situation.

Instructions. Participants are divided into two teams - “Teachers” and “Parents”. Each team receives a card containing a statement. Alternately, changing roles, a representative from each team reads out the phrase “lunge.” The opponents' task is to adequately answer it.

Card #1: You think too highly of yourself.

Card No. 2. Why do you look like a wolf at everyone?

Card No. 3. You have such a scary look!

Card No. 4. You always yell at everyone.

Summarizing.

Was it easy to complete the task?

Have you ever taken an unflattering comment about your team to heart?

Business game

“Do we know children's rights? »

Each team will be asked questions in turn for 30 seconds. You must answer clearly, quickly, loudly. Questions left without a correct answer will be asked to another team.

Questions for the first team

1. What is the name of the main document on the rights of the child adopted by the 44th session of the UN General Assembly? (Convention on the Rights of the Child.)

3. How many articles does the Convention on the Rights of the Child include? (54.)

4. In what year did Russia ratify the Convention on the Rights of the Child? (In 1990)

5. How many countries have ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child? (191 countries.)

6. Which highly developed country in the world has not yet signed the Convention? (USA.)

7. In what year was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted? (In 1948)

8. At what age is a person considered a child, according to the UN? (0-18 years old)

9. To whom does the Convention give primary responsibility for raising a child? (To parents.)

10. What rights were violated in a situation where a child was given a transfusion of contaminated blood in a hospital? (The right to live.)

11. What rights were violated when a 15-year-old was banned from attending church? (Respect for freedom of conscience.)

12. What rights were violated in a situation where a 17-year-old girl was not allowed to take exams at a military school? (Equal rights for all children regardless of gender.)

13. What rights were violated when a 14-year-old was allowed to participate in combat? (Under 15 years of age do not take part in hostilities.)

Children have only one right: to do what their parents and educators tell them. All other rights come in due time, when the law gives a person full legal responsibility. (According to Article 2, all rights apply to all children without exception. The state is obliged to protect the child from any form of discrimination and takes the necessary measures to protect his rights.)

Questions for the second team

1. Name the Polish writer who published the book “The Child’s Right to Respect” in 1929. (Ya. Korcha k.)

2. Is raising a child a right or a responsibility of parents? (Both a right and a duty.)

3. At what age is a child able to make independent decisions. (From 3 years old.)

4. What parenting style is incompatible with the rights of the child? (Authoritarian.)

5. Who is responsible for raising a child if the parents divorce? (Both parents.)

6. Who should do everything possible to realize the rights contained in the Convention? (State.)

7. What types of child rights are divided into? (Protection from all forms of abuse, the right to health, to education, to play, to preserve one’s individuality.)

8. What rights were violated in a situation where the teacher read a note addressed to a student? (Right to privacy of correspondence.)

9. What right was violated by the witch in the fairy tale “Sister Alyonushka and Brother Ivanushka”? (The right to live.)

10. Why did the inhabitants of the courtyard in G. H. Andersen’s fairy tale “The Ugly Duckling” offend the ugly duckling? What right did they violate? (He was not like others. The right to preserve individuality was violated.)

11. What right was violated in the fairy tale “Zayushkina’s Hut”? (Right to inviolability of home.)

Additional question (30 seconds for discussion)

Try to refute the following statement using articles of the Convention on the Rights of the Child.

The child must live in his family, despite the fact that this is contrary to his interests. (According to Article 9, a child has the right to live with his parents, except in cases where this is contrary to the best interests of the child. A child has the right to maintain contact with both parents in the event of separation from one or both of them.)

Additional questions

1. Who violated the right and who helped restore it in the fairy tale “Zayushkina’s Hut”? (Fox, rooster.)

2. What right did Ivan Tsarevich violate in the fairy tale “Ivan Tsarevich and the Gray Wolf”? (The right to own personal property.)

3. What right did the brothers violate in the fairy tale “Ivan Tsarevich and the Gray Wolf”? (Right to life and security of person.)

What rights did the frog enjoy in V. Garshin’s fairy tale “The Frog Traveler”? (Right to free movement.)

4. How far could the frog move using its right to move? (No limits.)

5. What crime did the geese-swans commit in the fairy tale of the same name? (Child abduction.)

All people, young and old, have rights and no one can violate them

There are different ways to live in life:

In sorrow and in joy,

Eat on time, drink on time,

Do nasty things on time.

Or you can do this: Get up at dawn

And, thinking about a miracle,

Reach the sun with your naked hand

And give it to people.

A. Voznesensky